A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases produced, directly or indirectly, by a person, a company, a product or an event. It's expressed in tonnes of CO₂ equivalent (tCO₂e), a unit that adds up carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases according to how much each one warms the planet.
Companies usually calculate it with the GHG Protocol, in three groups:
- Scope 1: direct emissions, such as fuel for company vehicles;
- Scope 2: the electricity and heat they buy;
- Scope 3: the rest of the value chain, from suppliers and transport to business travel and waste. This is often where the biggest emissions hide.
You can read more about measuring a carbon footprint in A new sustainability tool is being launched today in Romania.
See also: climate neutrality, climate change, CSRD.